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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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10098900.019
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1990-09-18
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WORLD, Page 42America AbroadThe Debacle DeepensBy Strobe Talbott
According to Lord Palmerston, nations have no permanent allies
or enemies, only permanent interests. That maxim contains a warning
the Bush Administration should heed as it deals with the Socialist
Republic of Viet Nam.
It has been more than 14 years since the last Americans were
lifted off the embassy roof in Saigon, a televised vignette of
ignominy that is still replayed in the U.S.'s memory. Now Viet Nam
has suffered its own setback: after more than a decade of trying
to defeat a rural insurgency in Cambodia, a Vietnamese
expeditionary force has given up and gone home.
For years the U.S. has demanded just such a withdrawal as a
precondition for the normalization of relations between Washington
and Hanoi. Viet Nam hopes that diplomatic recognition by the U.S.
and removal of the trade embargo will end its isolation and lead
to an influx of Western aid, trade, credits and technology. Many
Vietnamese recognize that their political and economic system is
a shambles. Some officials admit privately that they can run wars
but not countries.
But now the Bush Administration is upping the ante. In addition
to pulling out of Cambodia, Viet Nam must contribute to what
Washington calls a comprehensive settlement of the civil war the
departing occupiers leave behind. By the Administration's
definition, that requires the inclusion of the murderous Khmer
Rouge in a coalition, along with two non-Communist Cambodian
factions and the current Vietnamese-backed rulers in Phnom Penh.
Most of the world condemned the Vietnamese attack on Cambodia
in 1978 as an act of aggression. But whatever Hanoi's predatory
motives, the invasion had one positive consequence: it ended the
genocidal rule of the Khmer Rouge and drove them into the jungle.
There they lurk today, hoping to return to power in the new round
of fighting that has become almost inevitable since an
international peace conference broke down in Paris in August.
Washington's tacit backing of the Khmer Rouge may have
contributed as much to the diplomatic impasse as did Hanoi's
support of its stubborn Cambodian clients. That sad symmetry is
beginning to look like the latest blight on America's dismal record
in Southeast Asia -- and the Bush Administration's first major
foreign policy debacle.
Diplomatic recognition means just what it says, recognizing a
government as a fact of life. Yet the Bush Administration seems
determined to treat Viet Nam as something different, an object of
permanent hostility.
The Vietnamese think they know why. A joke is making the rounds
in Hanoi: Viet Nam has done everything it can to lure the Americans
to open an embassy there, and nothing has worked; the only option
left is to declare war on the U.S., then immediately surrender and
count on the beneficence that Americans show those they have
defeated.
Whatever blame the Vietnamese bear for the collapse of
diplomacy and the prospect of new bloodshed in their region today,
they are unquestionably responsible for the only war the U.S. ever
lost. "That war cleaves us still," said George Bush in his
Inaugural Address. "But, friends, surely the statute of limitations
has been reached. The final lesson of Viet Nam is that no great
nation can long afford to be sundered by a memory." Like
Palmerston's, those were wise words. But the Administration has yet
to apply the lesson to Viet Nam itself.